Adaptación y dimensionalidad de la escala DOCS en el contexto organizacional costarricense: aplicación de la entrevista cognitiva y el análisis factorial confirmatorio/ Adaptation and Dimensionality of the DOCS Scale in the Costa Rican Organizational Context: An Application of the Cognitive Interview and of Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Autores/as

  • Tómas Vargas-Halabí Universidad de Costa Rica
  • Ronald Mora-Esquivel Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22544/rcps.v36i02.06

Palabras clave:

Modelo DOCS, entrevista cognitiva, adaptación de escalas, cultura organizativa, SEM, análisis factorial confirmatorio, DOCS model, cognitive interview, scale adaptation, organizational culture, confirmatory factor analysis

Resumen

EspañolEl presente estudio tiene como objetivo presentar la utilidad de la Entrevista Cognitiva como herramienta para ajustar, al contexto organizacional costarricense, la escala Denison (DOCS, por sus siglas en inglés) para medir la cultura organizacional previamente adaptada a Valencia, España, por Bonavia, Prado y Barberá (2009). La DOCS fue desarrollada, de forma original en inglés por Denison (1984), Denison & Mishra (1995) y Fey & Denison (2003).  Para la adaptación, se aplicó la Entrevista Cognitiva a una muestra de 15 individuos con cargos de supervisión o gerencia en organizaciones con 25 o más empleados. Con base en los resultados de las entrevistas, se ajustó el lenguaje de la escala al contexto nacional. Posteriormente, esta última se aplicó en dos muestras de participantes con características similares, pero provenientes de dos poblaciones diferentes, concretamente: a) 314 estudiantes, de un total de 445, de las Maestrías en Administración de Empresas y de Gestión de Proyectos del Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica que, para su admisión, requieren experiencia profesional previa, preferiblemente en cargos de supervisión y gerencia; b) 368 gerentes de un marco muestral de 1743 empresas provenientes de diversas asociaciones empresariales nacionales.  En ambas muestras se efectuaron 8 análisis factoriales confirmatorios utilizando el software EQS 6.3, con el fin de explorar la dimensionalidad de la escala adaptada y depurar la versión final. Los resultados confirman que la Entrevista Cognitiva fue una herramienta valiosa en este proceso y que la escala final (denominada DOCSCR-V2) muestra un adecuado funcionamiento en el contexto organizacional costarricense.EnglishThe present study aims to present the Cognitive Interview as a useful pre-test tool for adapting the Denison Organizational Culture Survey (DOCS) to the Costa Rican business context, it was previously adapted in Valencia, Spain by Bonavia, Prado & Barberá (2009). The DOCS scale was originally developed in English by Denison (1984), Denison & Mishra (1995) and Fey & Denison (2003). The Cognitive Interview was applied to a sample of 15 individuals with supervisory or managerial positions in organizations with 25 or more employees. Based on the results of the interviews the scale was adjusted to local parlance. It was then applied in two samples, with similar characteristics, but belonging two different populations: a) 314 students drawn from 445 active students enrolled in Master’s Programs (MBA and Project Management) at the Costa Rican Institute of Technology, whose prerequisite for admission stipulates experience in professional positions, preferably supervisory and managerial, and; b) 368 managers drawn from a sampling frame of 1743 companies from various business associations. Eight types of confirmatory factor analyses were performed using EQS 6.3 software in order to explore the dimensionality of the adapted scale and to debug the final version. The Cognitive Interview was confirmed as a valuable tool in this process and the final scale (denominated DOCSCR-V2) demonstrated adequate functioning in the Costa Rican organizational context.

Biografía del autor/a

Tómas Vargas-Halabí, Universidad de Costa Rica

Profesor e Investigador en Escuela de Psicología, Universidad de Costa Rica 

Ronald Mora-Esquivel, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica

Profesor e Investigador en Escuela de Administración de Empresas, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica

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Publicado

2017-12-20

Cómo citar

Vargas-Halabí, T., & Mora-Esquivel, R. (2017). Adaptación y dimensionalidad de la escala DOCS en el contexto organizacional costarricense: aplicación de la entrevista cognitiva y el análisis factorial confirmatorio/ Adaptation and Dimensionality of the DOCS Scale in the Costa Rican Organizational Context: An Application of the Cognitive Interview and of Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Revista Costarricense De Psicología, 36(2), 199–226. https://doi.org/10.22544/rcps.v36i02.06